江蘇春晨電纜有限公司生產(chǎn)JBYH電機引接線 電機引出線 春晨，

電感元件的交流電路

AC circuit of inductive element

下圖a交流電路是由線性理想電感元件構(gòu)成的，其電流、電壓的參考方向已標在圖中。

The AC circuit in figure a below is composed of linear ideal inductive elements, and the reference directions of current and voltage are marked in the figure.

電感元件的交流電路

AC circuit of inductive element

電壓與電流的關(guān)系

The relationship between voltage and current

當通過電感的電流為i=Imsinωt=I√2 sinωt時，并以它為參考量，由《電路中的無源元件：電阻、電容和電感》一文中的下式：JBYH電機引接線 電機引出線 春晨

When the current passing through the inductor is I = imsin ω t = I √ 2Sin ω T, and with it as the reference quantity, the following formula is given in the article "passive components in circuits: resistance, capacitance and inductance":

電感兩端的電壓

Voltage at both ends of inductance

可得電感兩端的電壓為：

The voltage at both ends of the inductance can be obtained as follows:

電感電壓計算公式

Calculation formula of inductive voltage

由上式可見，電感上電壓與電流是同頻率的正弦量；電壓與電流的數(shù)量關(guān)系為：

It can be seen from the above formula that the voltage and current on the inductance are sinusoidal quantities of the same frequency; the quantitative relationship between the voltage and current is as follows:

電感中電壓與電流的關(guān)系公式

The relation formula of voltage and current in inductance

XL稱為電感的感抗，當頻率的單位為Hz，電感的單位為H時，感抗的單位為Ω。

XL is called inductive reactance. When the unit of frequency is Hz and the unit of inductance is h, the unit of inductive reactance is Ω.

由上式可見，感抗反映了電感元件對交流電流阻礙能力的大小，它與L、f成正比。在相同電壓作用下，L越大說明其產(chǎn)生的自感電動勢越大（eL=-L(di/dt)），則對電流的阻礙能力越大，電流就越?。活l率越高，即通過電感的電流變化率越大，其產(chǎn)生的自感電動勢越大，電流也就越小。所以一個電感為L的線圈，當通過頻率不同的交流電流時，對電流的阻礙作用是不同的，即XL的數(shù)值是不同的。頻率越高，XL越大，電流越難通過。如果f=0，則XL=0，說明直流電流很容易通過電感元件。直流電路中若有電感元件，電路在穩(wěn)態(tài)時電感元件對電流沒有阻礙作用，可視為短路。

It can be seen from the above formula that the inductive reactance reflects the blocking capacity of the inductive element to the AC current, which is proportional to L and F. Under the same voltage, the greater L is, the greater the self induced electromotive force (EL = - L (di / DT)), the greater the resistance to the current, the smaller the current; the higher the frequency is, the greater the current change rate through the inductance, the greater the self induced electromotive force and the smaller the current. Therefore, when a coil with L inductance passes through alternating current with different frequency, its blocking effect on the current is different, that is, the value of XL is different. The higher the frequency, the larger the XL, the more difficult the current is to pass through. If f = 0, XL = 0, it means that DC current is easy to pass through inductive element. If there is inductor in DC circuit, it can be regarded as short circuit if inductor has no effect on current in steady state.

電感電路中的電壓、電流波形見上圖b所示。

The voltage and current waveforms in the inductive circuit are shown in Figure B above.

電壓與電流的相位關(guān)系是：電壓超前電流90°，或電流落后電壓90°。用相量形式表示，電壓與電流的關(guān)系有：

The phase relationship between voltage and current is: voltage is 90 ° ahead of current, or current is 90 ° behind voltage. In the form of phasor, the relationship between voltage and current is as follows: